Dr. Sakib’s primary research interest is the physics of planetary atmospheres and ionospheres (e.g., Earth, Mars, and Titan). During his doctoral studies, he contributed to a prestigious NSF-funded project aimed at resolving long-standing data–model discrepancies in the terrestrial E-region ionosphere. His work centered on validating physics-based ionospheric radiative-transfer models to better understand ionospheric structure and variability through key parameters such as electron number density, photoelectron flux energy spectra, and solar irradiance. He has extensive experience in scientific data analysis using satellite observations (e.g., Atmospheric Explorer-E, FAST, COSMIC-1/2, TIMED, ICON, GOLD, MAVEN, and Cassini), as well as radar measurements from facilities such as Arecibo and Millstone Hill, and empirical models including IRI. He also maintains broader interests in solar physics and astronomy. His recent research investigates how solar EUV radiation and space-weather forcing shape the electron environment of planetary ionospheres, with a particular focus on closing gaps between observations and first-principles models.